Journal of Pathology and Translational Medicine

Young Ha Oh

23 Articles

Prognostic Implication of Programmed Death-1-Positive Tumor-infiltrating Lymphocytes in Diffuse Large B-Cell Lymphoma.: Young Sin Ko, Young Ha Oh, Chan Kum Park, Wook Youn Kim, Hye Seung Han, So Dug Lim, Tae Sook Hwang, Wan Seop Kim; Korean J Pathol. 2011;45(6):573-581.; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4132/KoreanJPathol.2011.45.6.573

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BACKGROUND
Programmed death-1 (PD-1) is physiologically expressed by germinal center-associated helper T-cells and has an inhibitory effect on T-cell activity.
METHODS
We examined 63 cases of diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) and determined the number of PD-1-positive helper T-cells in a representative tumor area after immunohistochemical staining using a monoclonal antibody against PD-1. The PD-1-positive cells were counted in 3 high-power fields (HPFs; 400x).
RESULTS
Patients were divided into 2 groups: one with a high number of PD-1-positive cells (>20/HPF, n=33) and one with a low number of PD-1-positive cells (< or =20/HPF, n=30). The former group showed decreased overall survival, but at a statistically non-significant level (p=0.073). A high number of PD-1-positive cells was more common in patients at an advanced clinical stage and with high international prognostic index score (p=0.025 and p=0.026, respectively). The number of extranodal sites also somewhat correlated with the PD-1 staining status (p=0.071). However, the number of PD-1-positive cells was not associated with patient age, serum lactate dehydrogenase level, and Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group performance score.
CONCLUSIONS
The high number of PD-1-positive cells might be associated with an unfavorable outcome in DLBCL patients.

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Mechanisms of PD-1/PD-L1 expression and prognostic relevance in non-Hodgkin lymphoma: a summary of immunohistochemical studies
Pauline Gravelle, Barbara Burroni, Sarah Péricart, Cédric Rossi, Christine Bezombes, Marie Tosolini, Diane Damotte, Pierre Brousset, Jean-Jacques Fournié, Camille Laurent
Oncotarget.2017; 8(27): 44960. CrossRef
Expression of programmed cell death ligand 1 (PD-L1) in advanced stage EBV-associated extranodal NK/T cell lymphoma is associated with better prognosis
Wook Youn Kim, Ho Young Jung, Soo Jeong Nam, Tae Min Kim, Dae Seog Heo, Chul-Woo Kim, Yoon Kyung Jeon
Virchows Archiv.2016; 469(5): 581. CrossRef

CD44s and CD44v6 Are Predominantly Expressed in the Non-germinal Center B-Cell-like Type of Diffuse Large B-Cell Lymphomas.: Kyueng Whan Min, Young Ha Oh, Chan Kum Park, So Dug Lim, Wan Seop Kim; Korean J Pathol. 2011;45(6):589-595.; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4132/KoreanJPathol.2011.45.6.589

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Abstract PDF: BACKGROUND
CD44 protein is known as a homing cellular adhesion molecule that is linked to diverse cellular functions such as adhesion, migration and invasion, which are all important in cancer progression and metastasis. The expression of CD44 standard and variant isoforms (CD44 standard isoform [CD44s] and CD44 splice variants containing exon v6 [CD44v6], respectively) is associated with an unfavorable clinical outcome in various neoplasms.
METHODS
Forty patients who were diagnosed with diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) through biopsy at Hanyang University Hospital between 1996 and 2003 were included in this study. CD44 proteins expression was analyzed by immunohistochemical staining on a tissue microarray and the correlation of CD44 with the types of DLBCL and clinical parameters, including the factors defined by the International Prognostic Index, was evaluated.
RESULTS
A high CD44s and intermediate to strong CD44v6 expression, including cytoplasmic membranous staining patterns, was present in 35% (14/40) and 25% (10/40) of DLBCL patients, respectively. High CD44s expression was correlated significantly with non-germinal center B-cell-like types (non-GCB, p=0.004) and patients with old age (p=0.041).
CONCLUSIONS
High CD44s expression may be significantly associated with the non-GCB type compared to the GCB type and may be essential to the prediction of disease outcome in tumor stage III in DLBCL patients.

Cytologic Features and BRAF Mutation of Hyalinizing Trabecular Adenoma of the Thyroid: A Case Report with Review of the Literature.: Se Min Jang, Young Ha Oh, Yoon Kyung Jeon, Yong Wook Park, Moon Hyang Park; Korean J Pathol. 2011;45(4):428-433.; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4132/KoreanJPathol.2011.45.4.428

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Abstract PDF

A hyalinizing trabecular adenoma (HTA) is a rare benign thyroid tumor of follicular epithelial cell origin with a trabecular-alveolar growth pattern and marked intratrabecular hyalinization. The cytological and histological features of HTA are very similar to those of papillary and medullary carcinomas of the thyroid. Therefore, an accurate diagnosis of HTA is important to avoid unnecessary and potentially harmful management of patients. However, the results of BRAF gene mutation analysis shown by many studies are distinctly different between HTAs and papillary thyroid carcinomas. Herein, we describe a rare case of HTA of the thyroid in a 49-year-old female and consider its characteristic cytological features and BRAF gene mutation analysis results with a brief review of the literature.

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Hyalinizing trabecular tumor, a rare histologically unique tumor of the thyroid, coexisting with papillary thyroid carcinoma
Chiu-Hsuan Cheng
Tzu Chi Medical Journal.2021; 33(2): 198. CrossRef
A Case of Hyalinizing Trabecular Tumor of the Thyroid Gland
Kun Woo Kim, Sang Joon Lee, Phil-Sang Chung, Junghwan Moon
Korean Journal of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery.2012; 55(12): 795. CrossRef

WHO Classification of Malignant Lymphomas in Korea: Report of the Third Nationwide Study.: Jin Man Kim, Young Hyeh Ko, Seung Sook Lee, Jooryung Huh, Chang Suk Kang, Chul Woo Kim, Yun Kyung Kang, Jai Hyang Go, Min Kyung Kim, Wan Seop Kim, Yoon Jung Kim, Hyun Jung Kim, Hee Kyung Kim, Jong Hee Nam, Hyung Bae Moon, Chan Kum Park, Tae In Park, Young Ha Oh, Dong Wha Lee, Jong Sil Lee, Juhie Lee, Hyekyung Lee, Sung Chul Lim, Kyu Yun Jang, Hee Kyung Chang, Yoon Kyung Jeon, Hye Ra Jung, Min Sun Cho, Hee Jeong Cha, Suk Jin Choi, Jae Ho Han, Sook Hee Hong, Insun Kim; Korean J Pathol. 2011;45(3):254-260.; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4132/KoreanJPathol.2011.45.3.254

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BACKGROUND
The aim of study was to determine the relative frequency of malignant lymphoma according to World Health Organization (WHO) classification in Korea.
METHODS
A total of 3,998 cases diagnosed at 31 institutes between 2005 and 2006 were enrolled. Information including age, gender, pathologic diagnosis, site of involvement and immunophenotypes were obtained.
RESULTS
The relative frequency of non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) and Hodgkin lymphoma (HL) was 95.4% and 4.6%, respectively. B-cell lymphomas accounted for 77.6% of all NHL, while T/natural killer (T/NK)-cell lymphomas accounted for 22.4%. The most frequent subtypes of NHL were diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (42.7%), extranodal marginal zone B-cell lymphoma (MZBCL) of mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (19.0%), NK/T-cell lymphoma (6.3%) and peripheral T-cell lymphoma (PTCL), unspecified (6.3%), in decreasing order. The relative frequency of HL was nodular sclerosis (47.4%), mixed cellularity (30.6%), and nodular lymphocyte predominant (12.1%) subtypes. Compared with a previous study in 1998, increase in gastric MZBCL and nodular sclerosis HL, and slight decrease of follicular lymphoma, PTCL, and NK/T-cell lymphoma were observed.
CONCLUSIONS
Korea had lower rates of HL and follicular lymphoma, and higher rates of extranodal NHL, extranodal MZBCL, and NK/T-cell lymphoma of nasal type compared with Western countries. Changes in the relative frequency of lymphoma subtypes are likely ascribed to refined diagnostic criteria and a change in national health care policy.

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Jaemoon Koh, Heounjeong Go, Won Ae Lee, Yoon Kyung Jeon
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Peripheral T cell lymphoma in Asia
Sanghui Park, Young Hyeh Ko
International Journal of Hematology.2014; 99(3): 227. CrossRef
Characteristics of Cutaneous Lymphomas in Korea According to the New WHO-EORTC Classification: Report of a Nationwide Study
Jae Ho Han, Young-Hyeh Ko, Yun Kyung Kang, Wan-Seop Kim, Yoon Jung Kim, Insun Kim, Hyun-Jung Kim, Soo Kee Min, Chan-Kum Park, Chan-Sik Park, Bong-Kyung Shin, Woo Ick Yang, Young-Ha Oh, Jong Sil Lee, Juhie Lee, Tae Hui Lee, Hyekyung Lee, Ho Jung Lee, Yoon
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Epstein–Barr virus‐associated T/natural killer‐cell lymphoproliferative disorders
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Jooryung Huh
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Jae-Sook Ahn, Taek-Keun Nam
Korean Journal of Medicine.2012; 83(6): 712. CrossRef
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Korean Journal of Medicine.2012; 83(6): 689. CrossRef
CD44s and CD44v6 Are Predominantly Expressed in the Non-germinal Center B-Cell-like Type of Diffuse Large B-Cell Lymphomas
Kyueng-Whan Min, Young-Ha Oh, Chan-Kum Park, So-Dug Lim, Wan-Seop Kim
The Korean Journal of Pathology.2011; 45(6): 589. CrossRef

Korean Pediatric/Adolescent Lymphoma: Incidence and Pathologic Characteristics.: Seung Sook Lee, Jin Man Kim, Young Hyeh Ko, Jooryung Huh, Chang Suk Kang, Chul Woo Kim, Yun Kyung Kang, Jai Hyang Go, Min Kyung Kim, Wan Seop Kim, Yoon Jung Kim, Hyun Jung Kim, Hee Kyung Kim, Jong Hee Nam, Hyung Bae Moon, Chan Kum Park, Tae In Park, Young Ha Oh, Dong Wha Lee, Jong Sil Lee, Juhie Lee, Hyekyung Lee, Sung Chul Lim, Kyu Yun Jang, Hee Kyung Chang, Yoon Kyung Jeon, Hye Ra Jung, Min Sun Cho, Hee Jeong Cha, Suk Jin Choi, Jae Ho Han, Sook Hee Hong, Insun Kim; Korean J Pathol. 2010;44(2):117-124.; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4132/KoreanJPathol.2010.44.2.117

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Abstract PDF

BACKGROUND
The Hematopathology Study Group of the Korean Society of Pathologists conducted a nation-wide retrospective analysis of Korean pediatric lymphoma, to provide pathologic data on pediatric/adolescent lymphoma subtypes and features.
METHODS
All lymphoma cases of all age groups were collected during a recent 2 year-period (2005-2006) from 32 institutes in Korea. Among 3,686 lymphoma patients, 142 who were age 18 or less were classified according to the World Health Organization (WHO) classification.
RESULTS
Among 142 pediatric/adolescent lymphoma patients, Hodgkin lymphoma accounted for 21 (14.8%) and non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) for 121 (85.2%). Hodgkin lymphoma appears to be more common in the pediatric/adolescent age group than in the all-ages group (14.8% vs 4.4%). T- and natural killer cell-NHL was more common in the pediatric/adolescent age group than in the all ages group (46.3% vs 22%). The majority of Korean pediatric/adolescent NHL cases was composed of Burkitt lymphoma, T- or B-lymphoblastic lymphoma, anaplastic large-cell lymphoma, and diffuse large B-cell lymphoma. For lymphoma patients under the age of 6 years, most had B-lymphoblastic or Burkitt lymphoma, which commonly presented at extranodal sites.
CONCLUSIONS
The distribution of lymphoma subtypes in the pediatric/adolescent age group is quite different from the distribution of adults, but it was quite similar to distribution in Western countries.

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A Case of Nasal Type Extranodal NK/T Cell Lymphoma Incidentally Detected in a Child
Ha Jin Oh, Sang Hyun Park, Hae In Jang, Dong Hoon Lee, Yoo Duk Choi, Hee Jo Baek, Hoon Kook
Clinical Pediatric Hematology-Oncology.2015; 22(1): 76. CrossRef

Cytohistologic Correlation of Phyllodes Tumors of the Breast: A Study on 17 Cases.: Young Ha Oh, Moon Hyang Park; Korean J Pathol. 2009;43(1):68-74.; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4132/KoreanJPathol.2009.43.1.68

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Abstract PDF: Phyllodes tumor (PT) is a rare fibroepithelial tumor of the breast, and these tumors are subdivided into benign, borderline, and malignant tumors. The criteria for their histologic diagnosis have been relatively well-described. However, the cytologic diagnosis presents more difficulties and only a few cytologic studies concerned with their subclassification have been published. The objective of the current study is to describe the cytologic features of benign, borderline and malignant PTs in an attempt to distinguish one from the others. Cytohistologic correlation for 11 benign, 3 borderline and 3 malignant PTs was performed. For all these cases, the preoperative fine needle aspiration (FNA) findings were available for review. The features we examined were a necrotic background, cellularity, stromal tissue fragments, stromal pleomorphism and atypism, dissociated stromal cells and mitosis. The overall diagnostic accuracy of FNA for the PT grading was 88.2% (15/17). Two benign PTs were cytologically misinterpreted as "atypical epithelial and stromal cells" and "highly suspicious for ductal carcinoma". Nevertheless, the cytologic diagnosis and the grading of PTs on FNA were relatively reliable. Semiquantitative analysis for the cellular stromal tissue fragments, stromal pleomorphism and atypism, dissociated stromal cells and mitosis might be helpful for subclassifing PTs on FNA. In the case of encountering a markedly necrotic background, special concern about degenerative change such as infarction is needed.

Sarcomatoid Carcinoma of the Distal Common Bile Duct: A Case Report.: Ki Seok Jang, Si Hyong Jang, Young Ha Oh, Ho Soon Choi, Kyeong Geun Lee, Dongho Choi, Seung Sam Paik; Korean J Pathol. 2005;39(5):360-363.

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Abstract PDF: Sarcomatoid carcinoma of the common bile duct (CBD) is an extremely rare malignant neoplasm, which is characterized by the presence of carcinomatous and sarcomatous components. We report a case of sarcomatoid carcinoma arising in the distal CBD. The patient was a 68- year-old woman who presented with abdominal pain. The computed tomography and endoscopic ultrasonography revealed a polypoid mass in the distal CBD. The resected specimen showed a polypoid mass with a narrow stalk in the distal CBD which was confined to the mucosa. The cut surface revealed a gray-whitish solid mass with focal hemorrhage and necrosis. Microscopically, the tumor was composed of carcinomatous and sarcomatous components without any heterologous elements. The sarcomatous area predominently consisted of pleomorphic spindle cells. The carcinomatous component was an adenocarcinoma. On immunohistochemistry, cytokeratin was coexpressed in the carcinomatous and sarcomatous components but vimentin was expressed exclusively in the sarcomatous component. The patient has been doing well for one year postoperatively.

Fine Needle Aspiration Cytology of a Thymic Carcinoid Tumor: A Case Report.: Young Ha Oh, Ki Seok Jang, Young Soo Song, Chul Burm Lee, Choong Ki Park, Moon Hyang Park, Yong Wook Park; Korean J Cytopathol. 2005;16(1):41-46.

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Abstract PDF: Carcinoid tumors of the thymus are vanishingly rare, and the characteristic cytologic findings of this condition have never before been reported in Korea. Recently, we encountered a 58-year-old woman who had been suffering from general weakness and weight loss for several months. Radiological imaging revealed a large anterior mediastinal mass. A fine needle aspiration biopsy (FNAB) of the mass showed predominantly scattered single cells, as well as some loose clusters of small cells with scanty cytoplasm. Some of these small cells exhibited plasmacytoid features, with moderately granular cytoplasm. We also discuss the cytological differential diagnosis between thymic carcinoid and other mediastinal tumors.

Osteofibrous Dysplasia-Like Adamantinoma: A Case Report with its Immunohistochemical and Ultrastructural Studies.: Na Rae Kim, Geunghwan Ahn, Geun Woo Kim, Hyun Yee Cho, Young Ha Oh, Dong Hae Chung; Korean J Pathol. 2004;38(1):50-55.

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Abstract PDF: Osteofibrous dysplasia (OFD)-like adamantinoma is a rare skeletal tumor that is characterized by the predominant OFD-like pattern with scattered epithelial nests. Adamantinoma shares clinical features (the majority of lesions in the tibia and the prevalent age group), radiologic findings (radiolucency with sclerotic shadow), and pathologic similarities (particularly the presence of scattered cytokeratin-positive stromal cells) with OFD. We describe a case of OFD-like adamantinoma. Epithelial cell nests express the epithelial membrane antigen, pancytokeratin, CK14, and collagen type IV. Ultrastructurally, the oval to spindle cells in the epithelial foci had abundant tonofilaments, and well-formed desmosomes with dense plaques, of which well preserved desmosomes are demonstrated for the first time in OFD-like adamantinoma. These immunohistochemical and ultrastructural findings further support that the origin of epithelial cells of classic and OFD-like adamantinoma are epithelial cells transformed from fibroblastic cells in the proliferating osteofibrous tissue.

Cytologic Features of Signet Ring Cell Carcinoma of the Uterine Cervix: A Report of Two Cases.: Hyun Yee Cho, Seung Yeon Ha, Jaegul Chung, Young Ha Oh, Dong Hae Chung, Na Rae Kim, Jong Min Lee, Eui Don Lee; Korean J Cytopathol. 2003;14(2):66-70.

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Abstract PDF: Signet ring cell carcinoma is a rare type of mucinous adenocarcinoma of the uterine cervix. To the best of our knowledge, there is no report on cytologic findings of primary signet ring cell carcinoma of the uterine cervix in the literature. Recently, we experienced two cases of signet ring cell carcinoma of the uterine cervix. The finding of characteristic signet ring cells on cervicovaginal smear led to the diagnosis of signet ring cell carcinoma. However, primary signet ring cell carcinoma could not be cytologically distinguished from more common metastatic tumor. Therefore, diagnosis rests upon the recognition of signet ring cells and the absence of signet ring cell carcinoma elsewhere.

Plexogenic Pulmonary Arteriopathy in Congenital Heart Disease: A Report of Two Cases.: Seung Yeon Ha, Kook Yang Park, Hyun Yee Cho, Young Ha Oh, Jae Gul Chung, Dong Hae Chung, Chung Yeul Kim, Han Kyeom Kim; Korean J Pathol. 2002;36(6):412-415.

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Abstract PDF: Hypertensive pulmonary vascular disease can develop in those cases of congenital cardiac shunt in which critical levels of pulmonary artery pressure and flow are reached and exceeded. We have experienced two cases of plexogenic arteriopathy in complex congenital heart disease and tried to evaluate of distribution of arterial lesions by total mapping of the explanted lung. Case 1 and 2 were 12-year-old boy and 36 year-old man. They were treated with combined heart-lung transplantation. Mapping of the both lungs was done, and graded according to Heath and Edward's grading scheme. The elastic pulmonary artery was tortuous, dilated and aortic configuration. Both lungs showed mostly grade 3. Plexiform lesion or veinlike branches of hypertrophied muscular arteries arosed in a lateral branch of a muscular artery that might be proximal to an area of occlusion. Comprising the right and left lung, the right was more severe than the left. By getting closer to the distal part, the grade tended to increase to 4 to 5. By analyzing the pulmonary lobe, severe pulmonary hypertension of grade 4 or 5 was comparatively disseminated throughout the right lung. On the other hand, in the left lung, the grade of the lower lobe was higher than that of the upper lobe, and within the upper lobe, there was a tendency for the grade of inferior segment to be higher than that of the corresponding apical segment.

Fine Needle Aspiration Cytology of Primary Pulmonary Amyloidosis: A Case Report .: Hyuni Cho, Seung Yeon Ha, Young Ha Oh, Seong Hwan Jeong; Korean J Cytopathol. 2000;11(2):99-102.

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Abstract PDF: Pulmonary amyloid deposition generally occurs with concurrent primary systemic amyloidosis. Localized forms of pulmonary amyloidosis are rare and appear most frequently as an incidental finding on chest radiographs. We present a case of nodular pulmonary amyloid tumor suggested by fine needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) and confirmed by histologic examination with the polarizing light microscopy. A 41-year-old woman presented with ill-defined nodules in the middle and lower lobes of both lungs. FNAC of the nodules revealed waxy, acellular amorphous fragments. Thoracotomy for diagnosis may be avoided by FNAC diagnosis of this unusual lesion.

Pulmonary Alveolar Proteinosis: A Case Report with Diagnostic Features in Bronchoalveolar Lavage Specimen .: Seung Yeon Ha, Hyuni Cho, Young Ha Oh; Korean J Cytopathol. 2000;11(2):103-108.

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Abstract PDF: Pulmonary alveolar proteinosis(PAP) is a rare disease in which the alveolar spaces are filled with an eosinophilic, PAS-positive material, whereas the interstitial architecture of the lung usually remains unaffected. Although a definitive diagnosis is usually made by an open lung biopsy, bronchoalveolar lavage(BAL) cytology may play a decisive role in the diagnosis and therapy of these patients and may spare a patient a more invasive diagnostic procedure. The author presents a patient in whom BAL cytology specimen contained the characteristic globules of amorphous proteinaceous PAS-positive material accompanied by background of rare macrophages and inflammatory cells. Ultrastructural study using BAL specimen can confirm the diagnosis of PAP.

The Cytologic Features of Adenoid Cystic Carcinoma of the Uterine Cervix: A Case Report .: Seung Yeon Ha, Hyuni Cho, Young Ha Oh, Geun Shin Lyu; Korean J Cytopathol. 1998;9(2):207-212.

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Abstract PDF: Adenoid cystic carcinoma of the uterine cervix is a rare tumor accounting for less than 1% of all cervical adenocarcinoma. This tumor is characterized by aggressive biological behavior with frequent local recurrence or metastatic spread, postmenopausal onset, and occasional association with conventional squamous cell carcinoma. The cytologic diagnosis of adenoid cystic carcinoma in the uterine cervix is often difficult because of negative smear due to intact overlying mucosa, cytologic findings mimicking endometrial cells, and masquerade as squamous cell carcinoma. Recently we have experienced a case of adenoid cystic carcinoma arising in the uterine cervix, which was identified on the routine Papanicolaou smear and was histologically confirmed by the consequent biopsy. The smear showed abundant cellularity composed of relatively uniform cells. The tumor cells were arranged in small clusters, acini, naked cells, and loose sheets with abortive cribriform pattern. There were scattered globoid basement membrane-like materials and tumor diathesis. The nuclei were pleomorphic and showed hyperchromatic and coarsely granular choromatin with inconspicuous nucleoli. The punch biopsy of the uterine cervix showed typical histologic findings of adenoid cystic carcinoma characterized by tumor nests composed of hyperchromatic uniform basaloid cells, cribriform pattern, and cylindrical hyaline bodies.

Composite Adenocarcinoma and Choriocarcinoma of the Sigmoid Colon with Hepatic Metastasis of the Choriocarcinomatous Component.: Young Ha Oh, Won Mee Lee, Kyung Sook Kim, Moon Hyang Park, Jung Dal Lee; Korean J Pathol. 1997;31(8):788-793.

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Abstract PDF: A rare case of hepatic metastasis with a choriocarcinomatous component from a composite adenocarcinoma and choriocarcinoma of the sigmoid colon in a 60-year-old man is reported. The hepatic metastasis displayed choriocarcinoma with extensive hemorrhagic necrosis. The tumor cells were poorly differentiated with scattered foci of bizzare syncytiotrophoblastic cells. Retrospective examination of the previous colonic carcinoma proved that the tumor was composed of two distinctive elements. One was a moderately well differentiated adenocarcinoma located in mucosa and submucosa. The other was a deep seated and undifferentiated carcinoma which was made up of hyperchromatic bizzare cells with syncytiotrophoblastic cells. There were transitional foci from adenocarcinoma to undifferentiated carcinoma with trophoblastic cells. Immunohistochemical staining showed beta-hCG expression in the undifferentiated cells of both the primary and the metastatic tumors. Implications for the possible origin and cause of tumor cell heterogeneity are briefly discussed.

Carcinosarcoma and Multiple Early Gastric Carcinomas of the Stomach.: Won Mee Lee, Young Ha Oh, Moon Hyang Park, Kwang Su Lee, Jung Dal Lee; Korean J Pathol. 1997;31(3):252-256.

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Abstract PDF: We report a rare case of carcinosarcoma arising in the stomach. The tumor is presented in the posterior wall of the gastric lower body and antrum of a 56-year-old man. Grossly the tumor has polypoid appearance with diffuse surface ulceration and measures 5.5 cm in diameter. The tumor is accompanied with three separate well differentiated early gastric adenocarcinomas (two EGC type IIc & IIa). Microscopically, the tumor consists of moderately well differentiated adenocarcinoma in the periphery, and lobulated sarcomatous areas in the center, which shows chondroid differentiation. Transitional areas between adenocarcinoma and chondrosarcoma are evident. Immunohistochemical studies show positivity for cytokeratin and carcinoembryonic antigen in the epithelial component, and for vimentin and S-100 in the sarcomatous component. The transitional areas are positive in carcinoembryonic antigen, vimentin, S-100, and cytokeratin. The tumor extended to the subserosa and showed metastasis of only adenocarcinomatous component in six out of 47 dissected perigastric lymph nodes.

Clear Cell Islet Cell Tumor of the Pancreas: An Immunohistochemical and Ultrastructural study.: Seung Sam Paik, Young Ha Oh, Eun Kyung Hong, Moon Hyang Park, Jung Dal Lee; Korean J Pathol. 1997;31(2):162-166.

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Abstract PDF: A clear cell islet cell tumor of the pancreas is extremely rare and characterized by extensive clear cell components. Electron microscopic and immunohistochemical findings are essential to prove that the mass with clear cells is an unusual manifestation of an islet cell tumor. Herein, we report a case of clear cell islet cell tumor of a 54-year-old woman with abdominal pain. The tumor was composed of polygonal clear cells arranged in nests, trabeculae, and ribbon pattern with the extensively fibrous stroma. These tumor cells showed strong reactivity for chromogranin and weak reactivity for somatostatin and glucagon. An electron microscope revealed that the important contributing factor of the clear cytoplasmic change was mainly due to an accumulation of lipid droplets, coupled with cytoplasmic swelling in some areas. Some tumor cells showed many endosecretory granules ranging from 111 to 297nm in diameter. In the clinical and immunohistochemical findings these granules were consistent with somatostatin granules in morphology and size.

Mucinous Adenocarcinoma of Anal Ducts.: Young Ha Oh, Wan Seop Kim, Eun Kyung Hong, Moon Hyang Park, Jung Dal Lee; Korean J Pathol. 1996;30(9):843-850.

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Abstract PDF: Anal duct carcinoma is a rare tumor, and accounts for less than 5 percent of all anal cancers, which typically present a long-standing perianal fistulas. Some authors suggest that the fistulous tracts are congenital duplications of the lower end of the hind gut lined by rectal mucosa which is prone to malignant change to mucinous adenocarcinoma. It is usually a well differentiated mucinous (colloid) adenocarcinoma. The prognosis after wide excision of the rectum is relatively good. Since 1985, we have had three cases of anal duct carcinoma with well differentiated mucinous adenocarcinoma involving the posterior wall of the anus. Two patients had a long history of perianal fistula with mucinous discharge. There was no spread to the regional lymph node except one patient who had regional lymph node metastasis, and post-operative chemotherapy and radiation therapy were then given. All patients have no evidence of any recurrent problem at 16 months to 3 years following the surgical treatment. Because of their rarity and the failure of recognition at an early stage, we are presenting three cases to emphasize the characteristic features of this insidious, slow-growing carcinoma.

Expression of bcl-2 and c-myc Proteins in Epidermal and Melanocytic Tumors.: Young Ha Oh, Chan Kum Park, Jung Dal Lee; Korean J Pathol. 1996;30(9):810-818.

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Abstract PDF: bcl-2 and c-myc protein expression were studied in 44 epidermal (8 seborrheic keratoses, 21 squamous cell carcinomas, and 15 basal cell carcinomas), and 26 melanocytic tumors(8 nevi, and malignant melanomas) by immunohistochemistry using the specific anti-bcl-2 and anti-c-myc monoclonal antibodies. 14 out of 15 basal cell carcinomas(BCC) (93.3%) showed expression of bcl-2 protein, 12 of which (85.7%) showed coexpression of c-myc protein. In the melanocytic tumors, 7 out of 8 nevi showed bcl-2 expression (87.5%). Five of these 7 cases (62.5%) also showed c-myc protein expression. Eight of 18 malignant melanomas(MM) (44.4%) showed expression of bcl-2 protein and 7 of these 8 cases (38.9%) also showed c-myc protein expression. All seborrheic keratoses and squamous cell carcinoma(SCC) were negative for bcl-2 proteins. 12 of 15 SCCs(80%) were positive for c-myc protein. In conclusion, bcl-2 and c-myc proteins were coexpressed in BCCs, nevi, and MMs. Coexpression of bcl-2 and c-myc proteins in these tumors was statistically significant(p<0.01), while no considerable differences of bcl-2 and c-myc expression were found between nevi and MMs. These results suggests that bcl-2 may cooperate with c-myc to promote tumorigenesis of BCCs, nevi, and MMs(p<0.01).

Idiopathic Entero-colic Lymphocytic Phlebitis: A case report.: Seung Sam Paik, Young Ha Oh, Eun Kyung Hong, Jung Dal Lee; Korean J Pathol. 1996;30(6):533-538.

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Abstract PDF: Localized enterocolic lymphocytic phlebitis is characterized by selective phlebitis involving the small to medium-sized veins and venules, infiltration exclusively by lymphocytes, and no other systemic vasculitis or inflammatory bowel disease. This vasculitis can be a rare cause of intestinal ischemia. We experienced a case of enterocolic lymphocytic phlebitis in a 72-year-old woman, who presented with abdominal pain and distension. The resected colon and terminal ileum showed striking lymphocytic phlebitis affecting the veins and venules of the bowel and mesentery which resulted in ischemic injury of the bowel. This vasculopathy was the only demonstrable cause of ischemia. Arteritis and arteriolitis was not found. There is no clinical or laboratory evidence or a history of extraintestinal vasculitis. The etiology of this clinicopathological entity has not been elucidated. Herein, we report the clinicopathological findings in this patient who presented with ischemic intestinal necrosis caused by localized intestinal lymphocytic phlebitis associated with thrombosis.

Alpha-Fetoprotein-Producing Carcinoma of the Gallbladder.: Young Ha Oh, Haeng Ji Kang, Hyoung Guen Lee, Eun Kyung Hong, Yong Il Kim, Jung Dal Lee; Korean J Pathol. 1996;30(5):453-456.

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Abstract PDF: Alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) is a well-known tumor marker for hepatocellular carcinoma, hepatoblastoma, and yolk sac tumors. There are several studies on AFP-producing tumors that arose from the gastrointestinal tract, pancreas, lung, kidney, and urachal tract. AFP-producing carcinoma of the gallbladder is extremely rare. We report a case of AFP-producing carcinoma of the gallbladder without liver involvement in a 58-year-old man with a gallstone, on which clinical, morphologic, and immunohistochemical studies were performed.

Intraabdominal Desmoplastic Small Cell Tumors with Divergent Differentiation: Report of two cases with immunohistochemical and ultrastructural studies.: Young Ha Oh, Nam Hoon Kim, Joo Seob Keum, Moon Hyang Park; Korean J Pathol. 1996;30(1):40-49.

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Abstract PDF: We studied two intraabdominal desmoplastic small cell tumors. The patients were two men, 37 and 23 years old, with jaundice and palpable abdominal masses. On exploratory laparotomy, each patient revealed a huge mass in the greater omentum with disseminated peritoneal seeding, measuring 32 cm and 11 cm in its greatest dimension, respectively. The tumor involved the diaphragm, rectal shelf, and cul de sac in case 1, and it involved the porta hepatis, retroperitoneum, and serosal surface of the ascending and transverse colon in case 2. Omentectomy of the huge mass and satellite masses was performed in each patient. Both tumors showed nearly the same histopathologic features. The histologic pattern was suggestive of a metastatic small cell carcinoma, but there was no specific, single primary site. The tumors consisted of variably sized, discrete islands of epithelial-like small cells in dense desmoplastic stroma. The tumor cells revealed divergent epithelial, mesenchymal, and neural differentiation by histologic, immunohistochemical, and electron microscopic observations. Only one cycle of chemotherapy including cisplatin and VP-16 was given in case 1 because of a subsequent hepatic problem, who, thereafter, showed massive intraabdominal recurrent tumors 6 months after diagnosis. In case 2, the poor condition of the patient had made chemotherapy and radiotherapy impossible. Case 2 died of disseminated intravascular coagulation following progressive cachexia 7 months after diagnosis.

Glomus Tumor of Stomach: A case report.: Young Ha Oh, Chan Pil Park, Chan Kum Park, Sung Jun Kwon, Jung Dal Lee; Korean J Pathol. 1994;28(6):669-672.

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Abstract PDF: Gastric glomus tumor is an uncommon benign, submucosal neoplasm and does not require radical surgical procedure. Because there are no specific clinical or radiologic features associated with the glomus tumor, it can be recognized only by its histologic characteristics. We report a 30-year-old woman who had 10 years history of epigastric hunger pain. Radiologically, a gastric submucosal tumor was discovered, which was suggestive of leiomyoma. Gastric antrectomy was performed. The tumor cells showed immunohistochemical and ultrastructural evidence of smooth muscle differentiation.

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